There is a wide range of possible causes. Treatment could involve switching medication or attempting to resolve an underlying medical condition.
For cases of ITP, treatment may include drugs that suppress the immune system, such as a corticosteroid drug called prednisone. In severe cases , a blood transfusion may be necessary. If there are no increases in platelet count after a year, a surgeon may remove the spleen in a procedure called a splenectomy.
People with extremely severe or emergency presentations of low platelet count can be treated with a transfusion of platelets. People who have a diagnosis of this condition can reduce the risk of complications by:.
ITP refers to idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. It is also known as immune thrombocytopenia. The name of the condition relates to bleeding-induced rashes that occur as a result of a low platelet count. Idiopathic means that the cause is not known. ITP is a rare condition. The internal clotting that occurs can use up a large number of platelets. Platelet-rich plasma therapy is a controversial treatment that is growing in popularity in sports science and dermatology.
Learn more. Anemia is the most common blood disorder. The body does not have enough red blood cells and is unable to deliver enough oxygen around the body. Sepsis happens when an infection triggers a potentially life threatening immune response throughout the body.
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Explore this Section. What is a Normal Platelet Count? Platelet count is the number of platelets in the blood. A normal platelet count ranges from , to , If the number of platelets is too low, excessive bleeding can occur. The medical name for a low platelet count is thrombocytopenia throm-bo-sigh-toe-PEE-nee-uh.
What Causes a Low Platelet Count? Some things can affect how well the bone marrow can produce platelets. When not enough platelets are made, the platelet count in your blood is too low.
Chemotherapy and some radiation therapy can cause this temporarily. These cancer treatments can slow the production of platelets in the bone marrow. Thrombocytopenia might occur as a result of a bone marrow disorder such as leukemia or an immune system problem. Or it can be a side effect of taking certain medications. It affects both children and adults. Thrombocytopenia can be mild and cause few signs or symptoms. In rare cases, the number of platelets can be so low that dangerous internal bleeding occurs.
Treatment options are available. Petechiae may look like a rash and usually appear in clusters. Here they appear on a leg A and on an abdomen B. Bleeding that won't stop is a medical emergency. Seek immediate help for bleeding that can't be controlled by the usual first-aid techniques, such as applying pressure to the area. The spleen is a small organ usually about the size of your fist. But a number of conditions, including liver disease and some cancers, can cause your spleen to become enlarged.
Hum Genet. Moses S. Family Practice Notebook. Thrombocytopenia causes. Updated August Effect of severe sepsis on platelet count and their indices. Afr Health Sci. Smock J, Perkins S. Thrombocytopenia: an update. Int J Lab Hematol. Updated September 1, A look at platelet count in chronic hepatitis C infection. EMJ Hepatol. Bone changes in alcoholic liver disease. World J Hepatol.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Low platelet count. January Izak M, Bussel J. Management of thrombocytopenia.
FPrime Rep. Drug-induced thrombocytopenia: Update of clinical and laboratory data. Am J Hematol. Nagalla S, Sarode R. Recent advances in understanding and management of acquired thrombocytopenia. Your Privacy Rights. To change or withdraw your consent choices for VerywellHealth.
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We and our partners process data to: Actively scan device characteristics for identification. I Accept Show Purposes. Table of Contents View All. Table of Contents. Platelet Counts. Genetic Causes. Platelet Dysfunction or Destruction. Decreased Platelet Production. Enlarged Spleen. What to Do If Bleeding Starts. Normal: Between , and , platelets per microliter of blood Low: Below , platelets per microliter Mild bleeding risk: Below 50, platelets per microliter Serious bleeding risk: 10, to 20, platelets per microliter or lower.
What Is Immune Thrombocytopenia?
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