Greek philosophy and rhetoric moved fully into Latin for the first time in the speeches, letters and dialogues of Cicero B. A brilliant lawyer and the first of his family to achieve Roman office, Cicero was one of the He is best known for his debaucheries, political murders, persecution of Christians and a passion for music that led to the probably The son of a great military leader, he escaped family intrigues to take the throne, but his Located just east of the Roman Forum, the massive stone amphitheater known as the Colosseum was commissioned around A.
Live TV. This Day In History. History Vault. Recommended for you. How the Troubles Began in Northern Ireland. Hannibal the Child Soldier. Hannibal Ambushes the Romans. The Death of Hannibal. Hannibal's Bloody Tactics. Julius Caesar Julius Caesar was a renowned general, politician and scholar in ancient Rome who conquered the vast region of Gaul and helped initiate the end of the Roman Republic when he became dictator of the Roman Empire. Marcus Aurelius Known for his philosophical interests, Marcus Aurelius was one of the most respected emperors in Roman history.
Marcus Tullius Cicero Greek philosophy and rhetoric moved fully into Latin for the first time in the speeches, letters and dialogues of Cicero B. Colosseum Located just east of the Roman Forum, the massive stone amphitheater known as the Colosseum was commissioned around A.
Some of those recruits—particularly the Celts from northern Italy—were motivated more by hatred for Rome than loyalty to Hannibal. The treacherous mountain conditions decimated his army to nearly half its size. The elephants, though, functioned as tanks do today, using their bulk to smash through enemy lines. Hannibal himself, with the pick of the infantry, brought up the rear, keeping his eyes open and alert for every contingency.
The oncoming Romans were trapped when his resilient forces swept around their flanks and enveloped them. That maneuver remains among the most celebrated in military history. The Battle of Cannae is considered one of the deadliest single days of combat ever fought by a Western army.
And some did in southern Italy, where Hannibal and his army held out for more than a dozen years. But in the end, Hannibal was forced to abandon Italy by a general as bold as he was: Publius Cornelius Scipio. Scipio took the offensive first to Spain and then to North Africa, reckoning that Hannibal would have to engage him there to defend his capital.
The two met in the climactic Battle of Zama in B. Hannibal lost the battle and the war. Carthage ceded to Rome all its territories outside Africa and disbanded its army.
Hannibal spent much of his remaining years in exile around the Mediterranean. He kept his blood oath and maintained his enmity of the Romans until the end, which came around B. Rather than surrender to the Roman forces that had surrounded him, Hannibal poisoned himself. Born Publius Cornelius Scipio in B. The historian Livy penned the first mention of Scipio in the historical record, recounting that in B. After his father was killed in the Second Punic War in B.
He was a brilliant tactician, and a string of victories in Spain led to his ultimate victory over Hannibal in North Africa, a triumph that earned him the title Africanus. The city prospered through silver mining and trade, particularly in purple dye. The imposing harbor was said to hold vessels. Merchants built large houses—some six stories high—above the harbor on Byrsa Hill. Carthage reached its peak around B. After the Roman conquest in B.
After taking command of an army at 25, Hannibal launched an ambitious campaign to cross the Alps and attack Rome itself. After 15 years of campaigning and a strategically brilliant victory at Cannae, Hannibal of Carthage had to retreat to defend his city against a Roman invasion. Here are nine facts about his life and career. The city of Carthage had been the dominant power in the Mediterranean for centuries, establishing colonies on islands such as Sicily and Sardinia, with influence reaching into Spain and across to its Phoenician homelands.
However, the rapidly emerging Roman Republic had ambitions to expand its own influence, and a clash between the two empires was inevitable. Hannibal Barca was born during the war, around BC.
After 23 years of war across the island, Rome emerged victorious in BC. The Barca family wielded considerable influence in Carthage, making them de-facto leaders. After the war, Rome inflicted heavy taxes on Carthage. At that time, Carthage relied mainly on mercenary fighters for its armies, who had to be paid.
After getting the mercenaries under control, Hamilcar planned to take them to Spain. Now aged nine, Hannibal begged to accompany his father, who agreed on one condition. He made his son swear an oath that he would never be a friend to Rome, and Hannibal agreed. Hannibal Barca spent 16 years growing up around the army, learning how to command soldiers and employ ingenious tactics.
At 23 years old, Hannibal was given command of the cavalry, and he quickly proved his mettle as an officer. However, during the campaign, Hamilcar was killed in BC while fighting in Spain. Then Hasdrubal was assassinated in BC, and Hannibal of Carthage applied to take over command of the army.
He was well known to several senior officers as well as the rank-and-file, and the army supported his case. Carthage had been permitted to retain its influence in Spain through the treaty signed with Rome after the First Punic War.
However, the Romans installed their own puppet government in the city of Saguntum, near modern-day Valencia. Despite their outrage, the Romans seemed to act slowly.
They complained to the Carthaginian senate, demanding that Hannibal be punished. When Carthage refused, Rome dispatched an army to intercept Hannibal.
But by the time the Roman forces reached Seguntum , the city was in ruins, and Hannibal was already moving north. Hannibal continued to fight the native tribes, his soldiers gaining experience.
Aware that the Romans were on his tail, he left a portion of the army in Spain under the command of his brother, Hasdrubal. Hannibal Barca styled himself as a liberator, freeing Spain of Roman control and attracting new recruits to his banner.
Then, he hatched a bold plan to take the fight directly to Rome itself. There was no way that Hannibal could launch an attack on Rome by sea.
0コメント