Colorful objects made of Bakelite—jewelry, telephones, radios, and billiard balls, to name just a few—brightened everyday life in the first half of the 20th century. Today these vintage consumer goods are prized by antique dealers and collectors. A polymeric plastic made from phenol and formaldehyde, Bakelite was one of the earliest synthetic materials to transform the material basis of modern life.
It was named for its inventor, Leo Hendrik Baekeland — , who discovered the durable plastic in After completing his doctorate at the University of Ghent in his native Belgium, Baekeland taught for several years. In , when he was 26, he traveled to New York on a fellowship to continue his study of chemistry; this same fellowship also allowed him to visit universities in England, Scotland, and Germany.
The object of the invention is to provide a device adapted for the simultaneous conveyance of material such as grain, fruit, coal, raisins, etc. The carrier is so constructed that if through accident one of the conveyers becomes blocked or otherwise inoperative, the material being distributed to the inoperative conveyer will be directed to an adjacent operative conveyer.
Prime Movers and Their Accessories. The more particular object of the inventor is to provide a type of such engine employing a minimum number of parts, so as to reduce the loss from friction and vibration. By the arrangement employed the steam or other elastic medium is free to expand after entering the steam space, thus insuring economy in the use of steam or other elastic fluid.
The invention refers to means for spragging or arresting cars while traversing a car track, and the object is to provide a construction that may be readily placed upon a car, and afford convenient reliable means for quickly arresting a car having the improvement, while it is in motion ; and by manipulation of a lever at one side of the car body release the car for free movement on the track.
By the inventors' construction it is possible either when the cars are first coupled or at any other time, to contract the gasket firmly on the tubular portion to prevent leakage, thus always insv. The shaft of the haiid wheel may extend out to the side of the car in a convenient position for manipulating the plug without necessitating entrance between the cars. The primary purpose of the invention is to prevent accumulation of ashes in the smoke-boxes of locomotive engine and similar boilers, a further object being to diminish the risk of the hot cinders ejected from the chimney setting fire to surrounding objects.
One of the purposes of this inventor is to provide a very simple and readily available means whereby to couple cars disabled by breakage of the couplings, or even in the event the draft timbers and drawheads are pulled out of one car, which often takes place. The coupling is effected at any point in the length of the train, avoiding need of switching the disabled car or cars to the rear of the train. Pertaining to Recreation. The invention relates to inclined pleasure railways such as are used in exhibition grounds, parks, pleasure resorts, and the like, and its object is to provide a new and improved amusement apparatus, arranged to provide an exciting and interesting ride for the passengers.
This device embodies features of both a toboggan slide and an ordinary amusement wheel by which one is elevated a considerable distance above the surface of the ground as the wheel revolves. The car or like body will repeatedly travel through the hub of the wheel under the influence of gravity as the wheel revolves. Pertaining to Vehicles. Moss, San-dusky, Ohio. The object of the invention is to provide a chair more especially adapted for use in automobiles and similar vehicles, and arranged to permit convenient adjustment of the chair in a longitudinal direction within the body of the vehicle, to suit the convenience of the occupant.
In the present patent the invention refers to improvements in running gear for vehicles and more particularly to the reach coupling means. The object of the invention is to provide a simple, cheap, and efficient means of coupling the reach and running gear and is designed as an improvement on the gear shown in the patent formerly granted to Mr. The object of this invention is to provide a device that may be removably attached upon the rear end of a freight wagon, and afford means of utilizing horse power for loading bales of hay or other material on the wagon and thus dispense largely with manual labor for such a purpose.
The principal feature is an endless track composed of a series of feet or devices adapted for contact with the ground or other surface for supporting the vehicle, and also effecting propulsion, such feet or bearers being flexibly connected and traveling around elongated horizontal frames of approximately oval form, the frames being arranged in pairs in front and rear beneath the vehicle body.
In this design the band of ribbon is ornamented with rather widely scattered leaves and branches of mistletoe and small Teddie bears. Corbett is also the patentee of another design for ribbon in which the ornamental feature comprises a graceful serpentine line of connected mistletoe grasped at intervals by the one hand of Teddie bears.
Please state the name of the patentee, title of the invention, and date of this paper. Eventually, Cohan changed the title to "You're a Grand Old Flag," and the song remains a national treasure. In , America was at war against tuberculosis, which killed hundreds of people from the s to the s.
To complement their pale complexions, survivors opted for masses of ringlets, thanks to the invention of the waving iron in the s. Hair coloring was frowned upon, but the brave went for it anyway, using herbs, rust, and other concoctions. To promote hair growth, petroleum jelly, castor oil, and gallic acid were also part of the beauty arsenal. Ladies of the early 20th century certainly didn't show much skin. However, they were very creative in enhancing their fully clothed silhouettes.
The hourglass figure was highly coveted, but if you weren't a full-bodied woman by nature, you simply had to work harder. Corset strings were pulled so tightly that the hips were forced back and the chest thrust forward creating a "monobosom. To show off their fine jewelry, women of wore low sweetheart necklines often accented with feathered boas. When Australian long-distance swimmer Annette Kellerman decided to swim at Boston's Revere Beach in a one-piece bathing suit -- without a skirt -- she was arrested.
The charge? Indecent exposure, of course! The 22 year old wasn't the only one under scrutiny. Even infants were required to wear complete bathing costumes in the land of the free until a quarter of a century later. By , U. As a result, life became a little easier for housewives, especially when the Thor washing machine was introduced by Hurley Machine Company of Chicago. It was called Persil. World War II necessitated a great expansion of the plastics industry in the United States, as industrial might proved as important to victory as military success.
The need to preserve scarce natural resources made the production of synthetic alternatives a priority. Plastics provided those substitutes. Nylon, invented by Wallace Carothers in as a synthetic silk, was used during the war for parachutes, ropes, body armor, helmet liners, and more.
Plexiglas provided an alternative to glass for aircraft windows. The surge in plastic production continued after the war ended. After experiencing the Great Depression and then World War II, Americans were ready to spend again, and much of what they bought was made of plastic.
In the postwar years there was a shift in American perceptions as plastics were no longer seen as unambiguously positive. Plastic debris in the oceans was first observed in the s, a decade in which Americans became increasingly aware of environmental problems. In a major oil spill occurred off the California coast and the polluted Cuyahoga River in Ohio caught fire, raising concerns about pollution.
As awareness about environmental issues spread, the persistence of plastic waste began to trouble observers. Plastic also gradually became a word used to describe that which was cheap, flimsy, or fake. Audiences cringed along with Hoffman at what they saw as misplaced enthusiasm for an industry that, rather than being full of possibilities, was a symbol of cheap conformity and superficiality.
Plastic became a special target because, while so many plastic products are disposable, plastic lasts forever in the environment. It was the plastics industry that offered recycling as a solution. In the s the plastics industry led an influential drive encouraging municipalities to collect and process recyclable materials as part of their waste-management systems.
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